Reproduction Medical Abstracts

Thiamine
Record 1 of 27 in AGRICOLA (1992-1997)

AN: CAT 10636786
AU: Dakshinamurti,-Krishnamurti, 1928-
TI: Vitamin receptors : vitamins as ligands in cell communication.
SO: Cambridge [England] ; New York, NY, USA : Cambridge University Press, 1994. xvii, 259 p. : ill.
CN: DNAL QP771.V5734--1994
LA: English
IS: ISBN: 0521392802 (hardback)
DE: Vitamins-Receptors. Carrier-proteins.

Record 2 of 27 in AGRICOLA (1970 - 1978)

AN: CAIN 709074432
AU: Nishikawa,-Y; Fukukawa,-T; Utsumi,-K; Sasae,-Y; Hayami,-T
TI: Effect of vitamin Bl (thiamine) derivatives on motility and viability of bull and goat spermatozoa
SO: Int-Congr-Anim-Reprod-Artif-Insemination-[Proc], 1968 (Published 1969), 6th congr., v. 2: 1287-1289.
CN: DNAL SF105.5.I5
LA: English

Record 3 of 27 in SilverPlatter MEDLINE(R) (2001/01-2001/10)

TI: Mechanism of thiamine uptake by human jejunal brush-border membrane vesicles.
AU: Dudeja,-P-K; Tyagi,-S; Kavilaveettil,-R-J; Gill,-R; Said,-H-M
SO: Am-J-Physiol-Cell-Physiol. 2001 Sep; 281(3): C786-92
IS: 0363-6143
LA: English
AB: Thiamine, a water-soluble vitamin, is essential for normal cellular functions, growth and development. Thiamine deficiency leads to significant clinical problems and occurs under a variety of conditions. To date, however, little is known about the mechanism of thiamine absorption in the native human small intestine. The objective of this study was, therefore, to characterize the mechanism of thiamine transport across the brush-border membrane (BBM) of human small intestine. With the use of purified BBM vesicles (BBMV) isolated from the jejunum of organ donors, thiamine uptake was found to be 1) independent of Na(+) but markedly stimulated by an outwardly directed H(+) gradient (pH 5.5(in)/pH 7.5(out)); 2) competitively inhibited by the cation transport inhibitor amiloride (inhibitor constant of 0.12 mM); 3) sensitive to temperature and osmolarity of the incubation medium; 4) significantly inhibited by thiamine structural analogs (amprolium, oxythiamine, and pyrithiamine), but not by unrelated organic cations (tetraethylammonium, N-methylnicotinamide, or choline); 5) not affected by the addition of ATP to the inside and outside of the BBMV; 6) potential insensitive; and 7) saturable as a function of thiamine concentration with an apparent Michaelis-Menten constant of 0.61 +/- 0.08 microM and a maximal velocity of 1.00 +/- 0.47 pmol. mg protein(-1). 10 s(-1). Carrier-mediated thiamine uptake was also found in BBMV of human ileum. These data demonstrate the existence of a Na(+)-independent, pH-dependent, amiloride-sensitive, electroneutral carrier-mediated mechanism for thiamine absorption in native human small intestinal BBMV.
CN: DK33349DKNIDDK; DK54016DKNIDDK; DK56061DKNIDDK; DK58057DKNIDDK
AN: 21393577

Record 4 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1998-2000)

TI: Characterization and hormonal modulation of immunoreactive thiamin carrier protein in immature rat Sertoli cells in culture.
AU: Subramanian,-S; Adiga,-P-R
SO: J-Steroid-Biochem-Mol-Biol. 1999 Jan; 68(1-2): 23-30
JN: Journal-of-steroid-biochemistry-and-molecular-biology,-The
IS: 0960-0760
LA: English
AB: Immature rat Sertoli cells synthesize and secrete a protein species which has immunological similarity with chicken egg thiamin carrier protein (TCP) as assessed by immunocytochemical localization, liquid phase radioimmunoassay (RIA), immunoprecipitation of [35S]-methionine incorporated newly synthesized proteins by polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) to chicken TCP and tryptic peptide mapping of iodinated immunoprecipitated proteins. FSH and testosterone together bring about 4-fold induction of Sertoli cell TCP over the control levels which is inhibitable upto 75% by an aromatase inhibitor. Addition of optimal concentrations of exogenous estradiol-17beta to the cultures causes 2-fold enhancement of secretion of TCP which can significantly be inhibited by tamoxifen, when added along with estradiol-17beta. These results show that Sertoli cells produce estrogen-inducible TCP, presumably to transport the vitamin to the developing germ cells.
AN: 99229873

Record 5 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1998-2000)

TI: Characterization and hormonal modulation of immunoreactive thiamin carrier protein secreted by adult rat Leydig cells in vitro.
AU: Subramanian,-S; Adiga,-P-R
SO: J-Endocrinol. 1999 Jul; 162(1): 49-56
JN: Journal-of-endocrinology,-The
IS: 0022-0795
LA: English
AB: Leydig cells isolated from adult rats and maintained under defined conditions in culture secrete a protein of molecular weight (Mr) 70 000 which is immunologically similar to chicken thiamin carrier protein (TCP). Synthesis of immunoreactive TCP by these cells is demonstrated by immunoprecipitation of [35S]methionine incorporated, newly synthesized proteins with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to chicken TCP. The amount of immunoreactive TCP secreted into the culture supernatant is quantitated by using a specific radioimmunoassay. Under the influence of LH, secretion of immunoreactive TCP is enhanced 3-fold and can be inhibited by up to 70% with aromatase inhibitor (1,4,6-androstatrien-3,17-dione). Cyclic AMP acts as a second messenger in the sequence of events involved in LH-induced elevation of immunoreactive TCP in Leydig cells. The effects of exogenous estradiol-17beta and diethylstilbestrol are comparable in terms of stimulation of secretion of immunoreactive TCP by these cells. Tamoxifen brought about a 70% decrease in the elevated levels of immunoreactive TCP. These results suggest that estrogen mediates immunoreactive TCP induction in hormonally stimulated adult rat Leydig cells.
AN: 99326698

Record 6 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1998-2000)

TI: Cytochemical localization of phosphatases in the germ- and Sertoli cells of Odontophrynus cultripes (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae).
AU: Fernandes,-A-P; Bao,-S-N
SO: Biocell. 1998 Aug; 22(2): 93-101
JN: Biocell-
IS: 0327-9545
LA: English
AB: Ultrastructural cytochemical techniques were used for the localization of phosphatases in spermatid and spermatozoon, as well as in Sertoli cells of Odontophrynus cultripes (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae). Acid phosphatase was found in the acrosome. Thiamine pyrophosphatase was observed in the Golgi cisternae and in the tail spermatozoon surface. Glucose-6-phosphatase was located in the membrane complex of the acrosomal region. Already, in the Sertoli cells acid phosphatase was located in the lysosomes and glucose-6-phosphatase was observed in association with the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. These observations support the idea that various phosphatases may play some role in spermatid differentiation and in the interactions germ cells--Sertoli cells during spermiogenesis process.
AN: 20362154

Record 7 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1995-1997)

TI: Application of thiamine in preventing malformations, specifically cleft alveolus and palate, during the intrauterine development of rats.
AU: Bienengraber,-V; Fanghanel,-J; Malek,-F-A; Kundt,-G
SO: Cleft-Palate-Craniofac-J. 1997 Jul; 34(4): 318-24
JN: Cleft-palate-craniofacial-journal,-The
IS: 1055-6656
LA: English
AB: OBJECTIVE: Animal experiments were conducted to test the reproducibility of previously documented antiteratogenic effects of thiamine on cleft formation in the craniofacial system. DESIGN: Thirteen gravid Wistar rats carrying 98 fetuses were given the hydrazine derivative procarbacine (200 mg/kg BW) on the fourteenth day postconception (PC) to induce malformations, chiefly cleft alveolus and palate (day of determining presence of sperm was called the first day PC). Seven of the treated gravid rats carrying 48 fetuses were additionally given a daily dose of 200 mg/kg thiamine from the thirteenth to the nineteenth day PC. OUTCOME MEASURES: A comparative analysis of the fetuses in both experimental groups was conducted externally and, for the skeleton, macroscopically using special staining techniques; the heads were analyzed using successional histologic sections; bodies were examined stereomicroscopically using the razor-blade sectioning technique. RESULTS: In 12 of the 16 parameters evaluated, no statistically significant differences were found between experimental groups. In some cases, we even observed an amplifying effect of thiamine on the development of malformations in the rat strain used in our study. CONCLUSIONS: Because several previous authors have repeatedly described treatment with thiamine as one of the sufficient prophylactic measures in slowing the development of viscerocranial malformations, especially cleft alveolus and palate, it is of utmost importance that the timing of treatment and dosage of thiamine be taken into consideration not only in animal experiments but also when applying results to humans.
AN: 97401216

Record 8 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1995-1997)

TI: Changes of some vitamin levels during and after normal pregnancy.
AU: Bruinse,-H-W; van-den-Berg,-H
SO: Eur-J-Obstet-Gynecol-Reprod-Biol. 1995 Jul; 61(1): 31-7
JN: European-journal-of-obstetrics,-gynecology,-and-reproductive-biology
IS: 0301-2115
LA: English
AB: Most vitamin status parameters change significantly during pregnancy. A number of factors have been associated with this hypovitaminaemia of pregnancy. From our data, it was concluded that the initial value of a vitamin status parameter was by far the main determinant of the changes of vitamin levels during pregnancy: the higher the value, the steeper the decrease. Some hormonal variables were associated with these changes as well. This is highly suggestive of a resetting of vitamin homeostasis in blood, with a retention of vitamins in maternal tissues. The postpartum changes of vitamin levels provide insight into the 'net cost' of vitamins during pregnancy. Most serum blood levels of vitamins normalized shortly after delivery. Serum vitamin B6 levels increased slowly with 25% below the acceptable range at 6 months postpartum. However, the GGOT stimulation ratio, indicative for vitamin B6 cellular content, was completely normal at the time. Serum folacin was the only exception, with 45% serum levels in the marginal or deficient range; 20% of this group had deficient or marginal red cell folacin levels as well. This indicates that the 'net cost' of folacin during pregnancy is considerable, and repletion of folacin stores takes more than 6 months.
AN: 96166259

Record 9 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1990-1992)

TI: Gonocytes of male rats resume migratory activity postnatally.
AU: McGuinness,-M-P; Orth,-J-M
SO: Eur-J-Cell-Biol. 1992 Oct; 59(1): 196-210
JN: European-journal-of-cell-biology
IS: 0171-9335
LA: English
AB: In the testis of the neonatal rat, maturation of germ cells, or gonocytes, lays the foundations for spermatogenesis which will begin later in postnatal development. One of the most critical and yet least understood of the events that occur during the immediate neonatal period is relocation of gonocytes from the more central part of the seminiferous cord, where they are surrounded by Sertoli cells, to its periphery, where they contact the basement membrane. For the current study, we examined this change in gonocyte position by identifying some of the cellular mechanism involved, with the aim of determining whether movement of gonocytes to the basement membrane in vivo and development of cellular processes by these cells in vitro represents a resumption of migratory activity similar to that displayed by their fetal ancestors and by other motile cells. First, we used either thiamine pyrophosphatase cytochemistry or the fluorescent probe nitrobenzoxadiazole ceramide to visualize the Golgi complex in gonocytes and found that (1) this organelle matures and apparently enlarges in vivo with a time course paralleling movement of gonocytes to the basement membrane and undergoes similar changes in vitro that correlate with gonocyte process formation, and (2) the Golgi complex is located in perinuclear cytoplasm facing the apparent direction of gonocyte movement in vivo and in cytoplasm near the cellular process in the great majority of elongated gonocytes in coculture. Next we used two drugs, brefeldin A and monensin, which have in common their ability to disrupt the Golgi complex, and found that both drugs prevent process formation by gonocytes in a manner that is completely reversible. We also tested the involvement of the cytoskeleton in gonocyte elongation by utilizing nocodazole to disrupt and taxol to stabilize microtubules, as verified by alpha-tubulin immunofluorescence. Inclusion of the drug abolished (taxol) or substantially diminished (nocodazole) the ability of gonocytes to elongate in a reversible manner. We also found that the Golgi complex was intact in the presence of taxol and that microtubules were intact in the presence of both Golgi complex-specific drugs. Thus, our findings indicate that (1) both the Golgi complex and microtubules are involved in development of processes by gonocytes and (2) neither structure is sufficient by itself to allow these cells to elongate. Taken together, our data provide new evidence suggesting that the cellular mechanism utilized by postnatal gonocytes in relocating to the basement membrane are those mediating active migration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
CN: HD15563HDNICHD
AN: 93105974

Record 10 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1990-1992)

TI: Vitamin deficiencies in cattle.
AU: Frye,-T-M; Williams,-S-N; Graham,-T-W
SO: Vet-Clin-North-Am-Food-Anim-Pract. 1991 Mar; 7(1): 217-75
JN: Veterinary-clinics-of-North-America,-The.-Food-animal-practice
IS: 0749-0720
LA: English
AB: Deficiencies of vitamins A, D, K, E and thiamin can cause severe limitations in beef production. In particular, vitamin A and E can be common causes of lost profit, secondary to limitations of reproductive and growth potential. Prolonged dry periods will reduce available A and E in pasture forage, as can ensiling and prolonged storage of harvested feedstuffs. Polioencephalomalacia is a thiamin responsive disorder, associated with high concentrate feeding and lush pastures. Antimetabolites, such as amprolium, will cause thiamine deficiency when fed in excess. Recent information has shown improved performance with supplemental beta carotene and niacin. The positive responses in reproductive performance, noted with cattle fed supplemental beta carotene, was independent of vitamin A. Supplementation of vitamins above National Research Council recommendations can be justified. However, proper evaluation of feed and animal status, and documentation of a response to supplementation is necessary before diagnosing deficiencies of specific nutrients.
AN: 91266118

Record 11 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1990-1992)

TI: The occurrence of the Golgi apparatus in mouse oocytes. Demonstration of thiamine pyrophosphatase activity.
AU: Dvorak,-M; Gregorcikova,-K; Sedlackova,-M
SO: Z-Mikrosk-Anat-Forsch. 1990; 104(6): 975-81
JN: Zeitschrift-fur-mikroskopisch-anatomische-Forschung
IS: 0044-3107
LA: English
AB: Location of thiamine pyrophosphatase activity as a marker of the Golgi apparatus was studied ultracytochemically in mouse oocytes with germinal vesicle (OGV), oocytes at metaphase I (OMI) and oocytes at metaphase II (OMII), and further in cells of the respective cumulus oophorus serving as comparative objects. TPPase activity in cumulus oophorus cells and in OGV was found exclusively in the Golgi apparatus. In OMI the reaction product of TPPase activity was observed in isolated smooth vesicles, and in only one case in structures identifiable as the Golgi apparatus. In OMII the occurrence of TPPase activity was also recorded in isolated smooth vesicles in cortical cytoplasm and further, exceptionally, in smooth concentrically arranged vesicles or tubules. The TPPase activity was not present in vesicular complexes. The results have shown that after the resumption of meiosis the occurrence of the reaction product of TPPase activity drops abruptly due to the reduction of the Golgi apparatus. Changes affecting the Golgi apparatus after the resumption of meiosis are related to the loss of the nucleus after the germinal vesicle breakdown.
AN: 91263423

Record 12 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1990-1992)

TI: Retention and utilization of thiamin by gravid and non gravid rats with varying dietary thiamin supply.
AU: Roth-Maier,-D-A; Kirchgessner,-M; Rajtek,-S
SO: Int-J-Vitam-Nutr-Res. 1990; 60(4): 343-50
JN: International-journal-for-vitamin-and-nutrition-research
IS: 0300-9831
LA: English
AB: The intention of this paper was to examine a retention of thiamin by gravid and non gravid rats and to test also whether there is an anabolism of the gravids. For this purpose a trial with 176 rats was designed in a two-factorial model (2x11x8) with the factors gravid versus non gravid and 11 different dietary thiamin concentrations of 0/0 (gravid/non gravid), 0.8/1, 1.7/2, 3.3/4, 6.7/8, 13.3/16, 20.0/24, 26.7/32, 100/120, 1000/1200, 10,000/12,00o mg thiamin per kg diet. The daily thiamin intake of the gravids and non gravids was the same. The experiment lasted until the 20th day of gestation. Liver, brain and musculus quadriceps, the reproductive organs and also the whole carcass were examined for their thiamin contents. At the beginning of the experiment 12 animals were sacrificed to get their starting contents. Liver thiamin retention was significantly influenced by the dietary supply, also by gestation and by the interaction of both factors. For the gravids, a mean daily anabolism of 1.5 micrograms occurred in the liver. In brain a negative retention of 4-8% occurred during the experiment, which was significantly less in the gravids. In muscle dietary supply was of significant influence, gestation, however, decreased muscle retention in gravids. In whole carcass the gravids retained 81 micrograms and the non gravids 61 micrograms (P less than 0.05). Anabolism occurred from 3.3 mg dietary thiamin per kg (46 micrograms daily intake) and plateaued at about 30 mg or 1.5 micrograms daily until 100 ppm dietary thiamin. Thiamin utilization remains below 10% in all groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
AN: 91331742

Record 13 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1987-1989)

TI: A structural and cytochemical study of the effects of gossypol on the epithelial cells of the guinea-pig seminal vesicle.
AU: Wong,-Y-C; Tam,-C-C
SO: J-Reprod-Fertil. 1988 Nov; 84(2): 659-68
JN: Journal-of-reproduction-and-fertility
IS: 0022-4251
LA: English
AB: Gossypol acetic acid, given to guinea-pigs at a concentration of 10 mg/kg daily for up to 7 weeks, exerted an inhibitory effect on the secretory activity of the glandular cells of the seminal vesicles. The diminished secretory function was associated with a decrease in thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) (EC 3.6.1.6) activity in the luminal border and the Golgi cisternae. There was no increase in cytoplasmic filaments, and mitochondrial damage was not observed. The most striking effect was on the basal lamina, where the lamina densa increased significantly in thickness, while the lamina lucida decreased marginally in thickness. This was coupled with an increase in proteoglycan content on both sides of the lamina densa. It would appear that gossypol reduces the luminal secretory function on the one hand, while it increases the basal secretory activity on the other, thus modifying the structure of the basal lamina. The functional significance of these changes remains unknown.
AN: 89068580

Record 14 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1981-1986)

TI: Autoradiographic and enzymhistochemical studies on male "gonia" during gametogenesis in mammals and man.
AU: Hilscher,-B; Maurer,-W; Wichmann,-H-E; Hilscher,-W
SO: Acta-Histochem-Suppl. 1985; 31139-43
JN: Acta-histochemica. Supplementband
IS: 0567-7556
LA: English
AN: 85271260

Record 15 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1981-1986)

TI: Enzymhistochemical studies on the disturbances of human spermatogenesis.
AU: Passia,-D; Haider,-S-G; Hofmann,-N; Hilscher,-B; Hilscher,-W
SO: Acta-Histochem-Suppl. 1985; 31135-8
JN: Acta-histochemica. Supplementband
IS: 0567-7556
LA: English
AN: 85271259

Record 16 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1981-1986)

TI: Demonstration of thiamine pyrophosphatase in human germ cells and Sertoli cells, a histochemical study.
AU: Passia,-D; Haider,-S-G; Hofmann,-N
SO: Acta-Histochem. 1985; 77(1): 47-53
JN: Acta-histochemica
IS: 0065-1281
LA: English
AB: The distribution of thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) was studied in the human testicular biopsy tissue with the help of a modified histochemical gel method. The spermatogonia showed a large round strongly positive reaction zone in the supranuclear region. The pachytene spermatocytes exhibited a large semicircular TPPase reaction zone around the nucleus directing towards the lumen. The early round spermatids were characterized by a small, round, and weak supranuclear reaction zone. The elongated late spermatids were devoid of TPPase activity. The Sertoli cells possessed a "streamer" like formation of strong TPPase activity spreading from basal to apical portion.
AN: 86046852

Record 17 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1981-1986)

TI: Down's syndrome: nutritional intervention.
AU: Reading,-C-M
SO: Nutr-Health. 1984; 3(1-2): 91-111
JN: Nutrition-and-health
IS: 0260-1060
LA: English
AB: Down's Syndrome patients are known to be of short stature, prone to infections, autoimmune disease, hypothyroidism, leukaemia, heart defects and later Alzheimer's disease. They tend to have older mothers, like Alzheimer's disease patients. The latter tend to have sibs with either Down's Syndrome or lymphoma/leukaemia. Evidence, looking at 28 Down's Syndrome patients, suggests that multiple food allergies, gluten-gliadin sensitivity or intolerance are causing a coeliac disease-like picture with a malabsorption state for essential vitamins, minerals and severe autoimmune disease. It is hoped that missed gluten-gliadin sensitivity or intolerance with or without coeliac disease will be considered as a cause of abnormal oogenesis and spermatogenesis resulting in trisomy 21 and other aneuploidies. The mechanism most likely is low B1 interfering with sufficient release of cAMP for normal meiosis. Alternatively exorphins and peptides from foods may suppress prostaglandin E1 synthesis, or food sensitivities may alter toxic metal absorption mechanisms, which are thought to play a role in the development of Alzheimer's disease. Adequate vitamin/mineral supplementation, especially B1, prior to conception and in the first trimester is recommended for mothers at risk for DS, especially older mothers and a gluten free diet for those with coeliac disease or gluten-gliadin sensitivity/intolerance. Hopefully this will prevent conception of a DS child, or prevent heart defects/stigmata if one is conceived. DS children should be investigated for the above and commence a food allergy free diet with relevant supplements to meet their needs as early as maximum development.
AN: 86066130

Record 18 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1981-1986)

TI: Vitamin carrier proteins during embryonic development in birds and mammals.
AU: Adiga,-P-R; Murty,-C-V
SO: Ciba-Found-Symp. 1983; 98111-36
JN: Ciba-Foundation-symposium
IS: 0300-5208
LA: English
AB: Egg maturation in oviparous vertebrates involves the hepatic synthesis, secretion, and deposition in the developing oocyte of several maternal proteins with specific nutrient carrier function. Thus, in the chicken, adequate yolk deposition of riboflavin, thiamin, etc. is obligatorily mediated by carrier proteins specific to each vitamin. Like vitellogenin, these are oestrogen-inducible specific gene products. Despite differences in patterns of embryonic development in mammals vis-a-vis oviparous species, immunologically and biochemically similar maternal vitamin carriers participate in the transplacental transport and fetal accumulation of these vitamins during gestation in the rat. The rodent riboflavin and thiamin carrier proteins are also oestrogen-induced maternal proteins of hepatic origin. Their functional importance in fetal development was established by in vivo passive immunoneutralization of the endogenous proteins, which precipitated fetal wastage leading to pregnancy termination, due to curtailment of the vitamin supply to the fetuses. Similarly, active immunization of female rats with the vitamin carrier proteins led to early fetal resorption without interference with maternal health, cyclicity and fecundity. The discovery of similar gestation-specific carrier proteins in higher mammals and humans suggests that carrier-mediated vitamin delivery mechanisms ensuring embryonic growth have been conserved during evolution.
AN: 84056958

Record 19 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1981-1986)

TI: Stage-dependent enzymatic activities in spermatogenesis of mice with the standard karyotype and of chromosomal variants with impaired fertility.
AU: Redi,-C-A; Hilscher,-B; Winking,-H
SO: Andrologia. 1983 Jul-Aug; 15(4): 322-30
JN: Andrologia-
IS: 0303-4569
LA: English
AB: The enzymatic activities of thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase), acid phosphatases (ACPases), alkaline phosphatases (APases) and steroid-3 beta-ol dehydrogenase (beta-HSDH) in different germ cells and somatic cells in the testis of three cytogenetically determined states of fertility (i.e. normal, impaired fertility and sterility) were studied histochemically in the mouse. The TPPase, ACPases and APases activities showed a characteristic stage dependent pattern when the activities were related to the typical twelve stages of the seminiferous epithelium in the mouse, according to Oakberg (1956). Comparing the enzymatic patterns of the activities in the normal spermatogenic process versus the impaired and sterile conditions, the following conclusions can be drawn: even in impaired and sterile conditions the enzymatic activity patterns retain their characteristic stage dependence; the pattern of beta-HSDH and ACPases is not altered in the impaired and sterile conditions; TPPase and APases patterns are modified in impaired and sterile mice. It is concluded that the kinetics of the enzyme activities can serve as a useful marker for characterizing pathological spermatogenic processes.
AN: 84050304

Record 20 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1981-1986)

TI: A cytochemical study of the Golgi apparatus of the spermatid during spermiogenesis in the rat.
AU: Tang,-X-M; Lalli,-M-F; Clermont,-Y
SO: Am-J-Anat. 1982 Apr; 163(4): 283-94
JN: American-journal-of-anatomy,-The
IS: 0002-9106
LA: English
AB: The reactivity of the various components of the Golgi apparatus of rat spermatids for three phosphatase activities (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphatase, NADPase; thiamine pyrophosphatase, TPPase; cytidine monophosphatase, CMPase) and the incorporation of 3H-fucose by the spermatids was analyzed at the 19 steps of spermiogenesis, i.e., during and after this organelle elaborated the glycoprotein-rich acrosomic system. During steps 1-3, the Golgi apparatus produced, in addition to the proacrosomic granules, multivesicular bodies that became associated with the chromatoid body. NADPase was located within the four of five intermediate saccules of Golgi stacks, and TPPase was found in the last one or two saccules on the trans aspect of the stacks from steps 1 to 17 of spermiogenesis. CMPase was located within the thick saccular GERL elements found in the trans region of the Golgi apparatus from steps 1 to 7 of spermiogenesis, but the CMPase-positive GERL disappeared from the Golgi apparatus after its detachment from the acrosomic system at step 8. Th acrosomic system itself was reactive from CMPase and TPPase but was negative for NADPase, while the multivesicular bodies were CMPase and NADPase positive but unreactive for TPPase. Tritiated-fucose was readily incorporated within the Golgi apparatus of steps 1-17 spermatids; in steps 1-7 it was subsequently incorporated within the acrosomic system and multivesicular bodies. These various data indicated (1) that the Golgi apparatus of spermatids, although it loses its CMPase-positive GERL element in step 8, retains evidence of functional capacity until it degenerates in step 17; (2) that in early spermatids the various saccular components of the Golgi are specialized with respect to enzymatic activities; and (3) that each Golgi region may contribute in a coordinated fashion to the formation of the acrosomic system and multivesicular bodies.
AN: 82227479

Record 21 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1975-1980)

TI: The fine structural localization of testicular phosphatases in man: the control testis.
AU: Barham,-S-S; Berlin,-J-D; Brackeen,-R-B
SO: Cell-Tissue-Res. 1976 Feb 27; 166(4): 497-510
JN: Cell-and-tissue-research
IS: 0302-766X
LA: English
AB: Electron microscopic cytochemistry was used to determine the localization of five phosphatase enzymes-glucose-6-phosphatase, inosine diphosphatase, thiamine pyrophosphatase, acid phosphatase, and adenosine triphosphatase-in control human testes. Glucose-6-phosphatase occurred in the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope of Sertoli cells, Leydig cells and primitive spermatogonia, but was not observed in more advanced spermatogenic cells. The presence of glucose-6-phosphatase activity paralleled the presence of glycogen in spermatogenic cells, i.e., both occurred in type AL and AD spermatogonia but not in type AP or B spermatogonia or in more advanced spermatogenic cells. Inosine diphosphatase activity was found in the endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear envelope, and Golgi complex of Sertoli cells and all spermatogenic cells except late spermatids. Additionally, inosine diphosphatase activity was localized at the junctions between Sertoli cells and late spermatids, but was not associated with any other plasma membrane. Thiamine pyrophosphatase reaction product was found in the Golgi bodies of Sertoli cells and in spermatogenic cells through immature spermatids. Neither inosine diphosphatase nor thiamine pyrophosphatase was observed in the Golgi bodies of spermatids during acrosomal formation. Acid phosphatase activity was found in lysosomes of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids, in lysosomes of Leydig cells, and in lysosomes, lipofuscin bodies, and Golgi cisternae of Sertoli cells. It is thought that Sertoli lysosomes play a role in the phagocytosis of degenerating germ cells; however, the role of spermatogenic or Leydig lysosomes is unknown. Adenosine triphosphatase activity occurred at the interfaces between two spermatogonia, and between Sertoli cells and spermatogonia, but was not observed in the spaces between two Sertoli cells, two spermatocytes, two spermatids, or between Sertoli cells and spermatocytes, or between Sertoli cells and spermatids.
AN: 76138155

Record 22 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1966-1974)

TI: Electron microscopic cytochemical study of phosphatases during spermiogenesis in Chinese hamster.
AU: Chang,-J-P; Yokoyama,-M; Brinkley,-B-R; Mayahara,-H
SO: Biol-Reprod. 1974 Dec; 11(5): 601-10
JN: Biology-of-reproduction
IS: 0006-3363
LA: English
AN: 75184395

Record 23 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1966-1974)

TI: Electron microscope studies on spermiogenesis in various animal species.
AU: Yasuzumi,-G
SO: Int-Rev-Cytol. 1974; 37(0): 53-119
JN: International-review-of-cytology
IS: 0074-7696
LA: English
AN: 74255765

Record 24 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1966-1974)

TI: Nutrition and pregnancy. An invitational symposium. I.
AU: Anonymous
SO: J-Reprod-Med. 1971 Nov; 7(5): 199-219
JN: Journal-of-reproductive-medicine,-The
IS: 0024-7758
LA: English
AN: 72044858

Record 25 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1966-1974)

TI: Meiotic studies of the ejaculated seminal fluid of humans with normal sperm count and oligospermia.
AU: Sperling,-K; Kaden,-R
SO: Nature. 1971 Aug 13; 232(5311): 481
JN: Nature-
IS: 0028-0836
LA: English
AN: 71293114

Record 26 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1966-1974)

TI: Spermatogenesis in animals as revealed by electron microscopy. XVI. The microtubular structure and sites of thiamine pyrophosphatase activity in premature sperm of the Japanese crayfish.
AU: Yasuzumi,-G; Lee,-K-J
SO: Z-Zellforsch-Mikrosk-Anat. 1966; 73(3): 384-404
JN: Zeitschrift-fur-Zellforschung-und-mikroskopische-Anatomie
IS: 0044-3794
LA: English
AN: 68082678

Record 27 of 27 in MEDLINE(R)+ (1966-1974)

TI: Reproduction and maternal response of the rat when thiamine intake is limited.
AU: Brown,-M-L; Snodgrass,-C-H
SO: J-Nutr. 1965 Nov; 87(3): 353-6
JN: Journal-of-nutrition,-The
IS: 0022-3166
LA: English
AN: 66081266